What are the structural components of an injection molding machine

1. Injection system
The injection system is one of the main components of an injection molding machine, generally available in three main forms: plunger type, screw type, and screw pre molded plunger injection type. The screw type is currently widely used. Its function is to heat and plasticize a certain amount of plastic within a specified time in one cycle of the injection molding machine, and then inject the molten plastic into the mold cavity through a screw under a certain pressure and speed. After injection, maintain the shape of the molten material injected into the mold cavity.
2. Mold closing system
The function of the mold closing system is to ensure the closure, opening, and ejection of the product from the mold. At the same time, after the mold is closed, sufficient locking force is provided to the mold to resist the pressure generated by the molten plastic entering the mold cavity, prevent the mold from opening and causing poor product quality.
The composition of the mold clamping system: The mold clamping system mainly consists of a mold clamping device, a mold adjustment mechanism, an ejection mechanism, front and rear fixed templates, a moving template, a mold clamping oil cylinder, and a safety protection mechanism.
3. Hydraulic system
The hydraulic transmission system provides power for various actions required by the injection molding machine according to the process requirements, and meets the pressure, speed, temperature, and other requirements of each part of the injection molding machine. It is mainly composed of various hydraulic components and hydraulic auxiliary components, among which the oil pump and motor are the power sources of the injection molding machine. Various valves control oil pressure and flow to meet the requirements of injection molding processes.
4. Electrical control system
Reasonable coordination between the electrical control system and the hydraulic system can meet the process requirements of the injection machine, such as pressure, temperature, speed, time, and various program actions.
It mainly consists of electrical appliances, electronic components, instruments, heaters, sensors, etc. There are generally four control modes: manual, semi-automatic, fully automatic, and adjustable.
5. Heating/cooling system
The heating system is used to heat the barrel and injection nozzle. The barrel of an injection molding machine generally uses an electric heating coil as the heating device, installed on the outside of the barrel, and tested in sections with thermocouples. Heat is conducted through the cylinder wall to provide a heat source for material plasticization;
The cooling system is mainly used to cool the oil temperature. Excessive oil temperature can cause various faults, so the oil temperature must be controlled. The other location that needs to be cooled is near the discharge port of the material pipe to prevent the raw materials from melting at the discharge port, which may cause the raw materials to not be discharged normally.
6. Lubrication system
The lubrication system is a circuit that provides lubrication conditions for parts of the injection molding machine that move relative to each other, such as the moving template, mold adjustment device, and connecting rod hinge, in order to reduce energy consumption and improve part life. Lubrication can be done through regular manual lubrication or automatic electric lubrication.
7. Security Protection and Monitoring System
The safety device of injection molding machine is mainly used to protect the safety of people and machines. It mainly consists of safety doors, hydraulic valves, limit switches, photoelectric detection components, etc., to achieve electrical mechanical hydraulic interlocking protection.